A waste product of the breakdown of nucleic acids in body cells.

A laboratory test used to check levels of uric acid in the blood. High levels may indicate gout or other diseases such as kidney disease.

Tests on urine, including measurements of its physical characteristics such as colour, cloudiness and concentration.

Tiny tubular particles found in the urine, shed from structures called tubules in the kidney. Their composition may reveal the presence of various kidney diseases.

The channels that carry urine from the kidneys to the outside of the body.

The passing of urine from the body.

A colourless compound formed in the intestine after the breakdown of bilirubin by bacteria.

Tests that assess the pressure and flow rate of urine.

A test to assess how well the bladder empties.

An X ray used to give an image of the urinary tract.

Relating to the urinary tract.

A specialist in the treatment of diseases of the urinary tract, the channels that carry urine from the kidneys to the outside of the body.

upper respiratory tract infection

A skin condition that causes red, itchy swellings or hives.

A toughening of the uterus normally caused by surgical scarring.

Serious condition, where a tear develops through the uterine wall, opening the uterus directly into the abdominal cavity.

Twisting of the uterus.

The womb, where embryo implantation occurs and the growing foetus is nourished.

urinary tract infection

ventilation perfusion

The means of producing immunity by stimulating the formation of antibodies.

The muscula passage, forming part of the femal reproductive system, between the cervix and the external genitalia.

Vaginal tightness.

Inflammation of the vagina.