Condition mainly found in type 1 diabetes, in which high levels of ketones are present; these are acidic compounds produced by fat breakdown.

The process of determining which condition a patient may have.

The strong muscular sheet separating the chest and abdominal cavities

When bowel evacuation happens more often than usual, or where the faeces are abnormally liquid.

An abbreviation for disseminated intravascular coagulation.

A rare inherited genetic disorder featuring diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy and deafness.

The science of nutrition.

Synthetic female sex hormone sometimes abbreviated to DES.

A specialist in food and nutrition.

The specialisation of cells or tissues for a specific function.

The process by which cells or tissues become specialised for a specific function.

A drug used to treat heart failure or rhythm disorders.

A severe respiratory infection due to a bacterium that can cause difficulty breathing and swallowing as well as inflammation of the heart and nervous system

Any of several round-shaped bacteria that occur in pairs.

Double vision.

Tearing of the inner lining of the aortic wall.

A serious disorder in which the proteins that control blood clotting become abnormally active. this causes small blood clots to develop throughot the bloodstream, blocking small blood vessels.

A set of psychiatric conditions in which there is a split or dissociation from the self or surroundings - the person 'steps outside' their personal identity, usually in response to severe physical or mental trauma. Symptoms may range from amnesia to multiple personalities.

Type of ulcerative colitis that affects only the left side of the large intestine.

Increased production and excretion of urine, for example due to a drug effect or simply to drinking more fluid than usual.

Drugs that help to remove excess water from the body.

Drugs that help to remove excess water from the body by increasing the amount lost in urine.

Small pouches that protrude from the wall of hollow organs such as the colon.They are very common and are thought to be caused by pressure forcing the lining of the organ through areas of weakness in the wall. They are associated with aging.

The presence of small protruding sacs called ‘diverticula’ in the wall of the intestines and the symptoms caused by them.