Endometriosis is defined as the presence of tissue or cells from the lining of the womb (endometrium) elsewhere in the body. It is most commonly found around the uterus and ovaries, but it can be located anywhere in the body except the spleen. In the ovary endometriosis can form cysts containing old blood, also known as chocolate cysts (endometrioma) due to the colour of the contents. When it is in the pelvis it may affect the bowel and the urinary tract (bladder and kidneys). Occasionally it is found in the navel or operation scars. When the tissue from the lining of uterus is found in the muscle layer of the uterus it is called adenomyosis. Sometimes endometriosis and adenomyosis can be found together in the same woman.
Click here for an authoritative article on the latest treatment options for Endometriosis by University College London Senior Gynaecological Consultant, Mr Ertan Saridogan.
The organ that stores urine.
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A fluid that transports oxygen and other substances through the body, made up of blood cells suspended in a liquid.
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A common name for the large and/or small intestines.
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The basic unit of all living organisms.
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A type of ovarian cyst associated with endometriosis. Because it responds to hormonal changes of the menstrual cycle it fills with blood during menstruation and this turns a dark brown colour, hence the description.
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A fluid-filled, enclosed pouch developing in a bodily structure as part of a disease process
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A cyst that is formed when endometrial tissue, the membrane that makes up the inner layer of the uterine wall, grows in the ovaries.
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A condition in which tissue that normally lines the uterus (womb) of a woman is found outside the uterus or in other parts of the body.
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The layer of tissue lining the uterus.
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One of two bean-shaped organs that are located on either side of the body, below the ribcage. The main role of the kidneys is to filter out waste products from the blood.
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Tissue made up of cells that can contract to bring about movement.
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Female reproductive organs situated one on either side of the uterus (womb). They produce egg cells (ova) and hormones in a monthly cycle.
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The bony basin formed by the hip bones and the lower vertebrae of the spine; also refers to the lower part of the abdomen.
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An organ situated on the left side of the abdomen that filters out worn-out red blood cells and other foreign bodies from the bloodstream.
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A group of cells with a similar structure and a specialised function.
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The channels that carry urine from the kidneys to the outside of the body.
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The womb, where embryo implantation occurs and the growing foetus is nourished.
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The uterus.
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