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arthropathy

Disease of a joint.

arthroscopy

Inspection through an endoscope of the interior of a joint.

artificial ventilation

Also known as artificial respiration, a procedure to maintain air flow into and out of the lungs. Examples include mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and the use of a ventilator.

ascites

The accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, causing abdominal swelling.

ASD

Atrial septal defect, a hole in the wall separating the two upper chambers of the heart (atria).

ASO

antistreptolysin

Aspergillosis

A rare lung infection caused by inhaling spores of the fungus Aspergillus

aspiration

The withdrawal of fluid or cells from the body by suction.

aspiration pneumonia

Infection of the lungs owing to inhalation of a foreign body, usually food particles, through the windpipe (trachea).

aspiration pneumonitis

Inflammation of the lung due to inhalation of foreign material that does not belong in the airway, such as food, liquids or vomit

aspirin

One of the most used medicines.

AST

aspartate-amino transferase

asthma

A respiratory disease featuring attacks of breathlessness and wheezing due to inflammation and narrowing of the upper airways. There is often an allergic component.

ataxia

Difficulty in the regulation of posture and the movement of limbs.

atheroma

The formation of fatty deposits in the arteries, which limit blood flow.

atheromatous plaque

Fatty deposits in the walls of the arteries, seen in atherosclerosis.

atherosclerosis

Disease leading to fatty deposits in the inner walls of the arteries, which reduce and may eventually obstruct blood flow.

atherosclerotic plaque

Fatty plaques that form in the inner walls of arteries in atherosclerosis.

athralgia

Pain in the joints from many possible causes.

atoms

The smallest units of an element.

atria

The two upper chambers of the heart.

atrial fibrillation

A common abnormal heart rhythm causing a rapid, irregular pulse and failure of the upper chambers of the heart (atria) to pump properly. Abbreviated to AF.

atrial flutter

An abnormally fast but regular heart rhythm due to disturbances in the biological electrical system of the atria of the heart. It is a type of supraventricular tachycardia

atrial septal defect

A hole in the wall separating the two upper chambers of the heart (atria), present from birth. Abbreviated to ASD.